Structuralism - The idea that everything has a structure, be it religion, language or culture, and that these 'structures' are what lie beneath the surface of meaning. Meaning, a structuralist may claim to understand why a language uses a certain sound, even though the native speakers themselves don't know

Ahistorical - A lacking of interest for tradition and history/historical development

Irreducible - Something that either cannot or should not be reduced or simplified in any way

Objective - The ability to view something while disregarding your own biases

Universal - If something is 'universal', it can be seen, felt and understood by everyone around the world, no matter their background, as it transcends language and culture

Definitive - The final iteration of something as it can no longer be improved due to having reached an absolute peak

Post-Structuralism - A critique on Structuralism, especially in regards to how it claims to study the truth but is heavily influenced by biases and the structuralists own thoughts

Reflexivity - The idea that a person's own thoughts and behaviours are biased, meaning their values and thoughts will be portrayed within their work

The Unreliable Narrator - A narrator or character within a story who feeds the viewer/reader with a story that shouldn't be taken at face value. An unreliable narrator can also be used as a plot point within the story as the viewer/reader becomes aware of the falsities they've been told

The Enlightenment Project - The 'enlightenment project' is reflected in 'positivism'; the importance of scientific methodology. It is the belief that human rationality is the source of knowledge, leading to the encouragement of the rejection of past authorities such as the Church. This led to an increase in belief that rationality can be applied to all aspects of life and the world, resulting in all problems faced by humans being solved.